So if you have access to information about the salts in your water you can add the correct amount of AMS. **Important point: Even in water with no or low antagonistic cationic salt content where no sulfate is needed, a generous amount of ammonium is required to form ammonium-herbicide for optimum herbicide activity. After antagonistic minerals are neutralized by the sulfate then the ammonium can bind with most postemergence herbicides and form the optimum ammonium-herbicide salt (glyphosate-NH4, dicamba-NH4, Poast-NH4, 2,4-D-NH4, etc.). Rate Per Acre Lbs.  The sulfate essentially sequesters the hard water cations and prevents them from binding to the herbicide (Figures 2 and 3). Section #11 on page 72 contains another important fact: âThe formula does not account for cationic minerals (Ca) on leaf surfaces (lambsquarters, sunflower, velvetleaf, others) that can antagonize glyphosate.â Some plants contain Ca on the leaf surface and additional sulfate is needed to nullify that mineral source. This does two things. Land Grant. Our good spray water quality has resulted in many cutting out or only using AMS at 0.5 lb/100 gallons of water for a water conditioner for Roundup.  Since AMS has typically been a low cost spray water conditioner, the additional amount added to a spray tank has not been viewed as a major expense. Our good spray water quality has resulted in many cutting out or only using AMS at 0.5 lb/100 gallons of water for a water conditioner for Roundup. The 0.5 lb of AMS is much less than the 8.5 to 17 lbs/100 gallons of water that is recommended on the Roundup labels. ND water often contains a combination of sodium, calcium, magnesium, and iron and these cations are generally additive in the antagonism of herbicides. "The amount of AMS can be adjusted based on water hardness if it is known, and a rate of 8 pounds per 100 gallons may be adequate for many sources of water." MSU recommends adding 17 pounds of ammonium sulfate to the spray water before the glyphosate is added.  However, we would advise that it will be important to understand your water hardness test levels before severely reducing AMS rates. The chemistry and the chemical reacions are the … Dissolve 1-3 tablespoons of Greenway Biotech Ammonium Sulfate fertilizer per one gallon of water. Effect of hard water cations on herbicide efficacy of weak acid herbicides. It depends on how much you currently use to fertilize them, the dosage per gallon of water. Additional Ammonium sulfate is needed only under extremely hard water conditions. per 100 gallons of water. Water quality must be known to adjust AMS rate. Always read and follow the label instructions on … A simple formula was developed by weed scientists at North Dakota State University to show the minimum amount of AMS needed to overcome hard water antagonism. Since we know which hard water cations are most problematic (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe), it is fairly easy to calculate the amount of ammonium sulfate needed to condition the water to reduce the negative implications of hard water antagonism. The product label for Drexel AMS Supreme states: 2.5 gallons of this product per 100 gallons of spray solution (2.5% v/v) will provide 8.5 pounds of dry ammonium sulfate equivalent plus the optimum level (8 ounces) of HPG polymer technology. Typical water levels on sprayers is 10-20 gallons per acre. AMS-Xtra ™ contains 3.4 pounds of Ammonium sulfate per gallon. Please keep in mind that the benefit of AMS goes beyond conditioning hard water since improved weed control with herbicides and AMS can even be observed when using de-ionized (distilled) water. Thus, a good rule of thumb would be to add more AMS to your spray solution than what is specifically calculated above for your hard water to account for this âphysiologicalâ benefit and fall within the herbicide label requirements for AMS. Enjoy, Pete D. Question: Several of my growers have been using the formula listed in section #11 on page 72 in the 2015 ND Weed Control Guide to assess their water quality and AMS requirements: Feel free to use and share this content, but please do so under the conditions of our, Equation Used to Calculate Rate of AMS (07/02/15), NDSU Crop & Pest Report - September 24, 2020, NDSU Crop & Pest Report - September 10, 2020, NDSU Crop & Pest Report - August 27, 2020, NDSU Crop & Pest Report - August 13, 2020. If you have trouble accessing this page because of a disability, please contact Pest&Crop newsletter at luck@purdue.edu. I started out the year using an AMS substitute called rRequest and a while back after reading a study on them I saw that spray grade granular ammonium sulfate by far gets the best kill with Roundup. Tablespoons. when ammonium sulfate is used as an additive to the tank mix. Use only a “spray grade” ammonium sulfate product. Tanning with Aluminum Sulfate. I don't use Ammonium Sulfate so have no personal info on dosage. Apply 1 ounce ammonium sulfate per blueberry bush three times in the first year, rising to 4 ounces in the fourth year. How reliable is this formula? Is there a minimum amount of AMS recommended that we should be using? It seem like the growers are putting a lot of faith in this equation and I want to make sure that it works. + (0.042 X ppm Fe). First, the sulfate ions tie up calcium and magnesium in the mix water. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed are those of the website author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Figure 3. Always read and follow the label instructions on the product container(s) before using. The equation listed above can be used to calculate the amount of sulfate in AMS that is needed to overcome antagonistic minerals in the spray water. Some water in this region may have low mineral content and when using the equation only a small amount of AMS will be calculated to nullify the hard water.  It is highly likely that AMS rates can be reduced to the lower end of the recommended rate and herbicide activity will not be compromised. It is not practical to calculate the amount of Ca on weed leaf surfaces and will require increasing the amount of AMS needed just for that mineral source. A saturated solution of ammonium sulfate in heavy water (D 2 O) is used as an external standard in sulfur (33 S) NMR spectroscopy with shift value of 0 ppm. Purdue University
References  This is the reason why herbicide labels typically contain statements that indicate that rates of AMS, 8 ½ to 17 pounds of AMS per hundred gallons of water, are recommended on many glyphosate labels. Ammonium sulfate has also been used in flame retardant compositions acting much like diammonium phosphate. Add 16 ounces of lesco spreader sticker to the mix LAST, after fert is dissolved and Herb has beed added. Was this answer helpful to you? AS to a 100 gallon spray tank. The 0.5 lb of AMS is much less than the 8.5 to 17 lbs/100 gallons of water that is recommended on the Roundup labels. This is the reason why herbicide labels typically contain statements that indicate that rates of AMS, 8 ½ to 17 pounds of AMS per hundred gallons of water, … It is from this research and also from an extensive water quality testing campaign conducted by Winfield with thousands of water samples tested across the U.S that we have concluded with a general recommendation to âAlways add AMS at 4 to 6 lbs/100 gal of waterâ. GPM = gallons per minute (water flow to which ammonia is being added) mg/l = ammonia dosage in milligrams of ammonia per liter (ammonia as NH4 + or NH 3) #/gal = pounds of ammonium sulfate per gallon (ammonium sulfate solution) 1.9 is a conversion factor 1,000 is a conversion factor 5 gallons . Cups. 901 W. State St.
Adding more AMS than called for to neutralize the effects of cations may improve glyphosate activity by providing extra N that helps weak acid herbicides like glyphosate pass through cell membranes. ft. pppldj uses 1 Tbsp per 2-1/2 gallons of water Water conditioning trials have been conducted at NDSU for well over 30 years and researchers have repeatedly found that AMS is the most economical and effective water conditioner for glyphosate and many other herbicides. 2017-70006-27144/accession 1013592] from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The answer will be the ppm of the element per oz of the fertilizer in 100 gal of water. of actual N per 1000. Effect of Ammonium Sulfate (AMS) on velvetleaf control with glyphosate in the greenhouse. © 2020 Purdue University | An equal access/equal opportunity university | Copyright Complaints | Maintained by Pest&Crop newsletter. Per Cubic Foot or 7 1/2 gal. Always add a nitrogen source if allowed and not restricted by the label! Water quality in the mid-west and west is notoriously bad. Teaspoons. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PROPERTY SPECIFICATIONS  Many plants, such as velvetleaf (Figures 4 and 5), contain Ca on the leaf surface, and additional sulfate is needed to overcome the antagonism which can occur after the spray solution leaves the nozzle. It is difficult to calculate the amount of ammonium sulfate needed to overcome Ca on the leaf surface. How much ammonium sulfate to use. Figure 4. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), a cool-season grass hardy in USDA zones 4 through 7, also requires 2 to 4 pounds per 1,000 square feet per year, but cool-season grasses are fertilized in midspring, early summer, late summer and late fall. Mix 1/4 cup of aluminum sulfate into 1 gallon of water in a watering can to create a soil drench for an already established plant, like a hydrangea, that needs a lower pH. ft.) every 14 days throughout the growing season.  Additionally, after antagonistic minerals are neutralized by the sulfate, the ammonium can bind with the herbicide to form the ammonium herbicide salt, which can more effectively pass through the plant cuticle resulting in greater herbicide absorption, in some cases increased herbicide translocation, and overall greater herbicide efficacy. This âphysiologicalâ effect of AMS enhancing foliar herbicide activity even in the absence of hard water is important to keep in mind when considering adjuvant products that contain less ammonium, yet claim to be a replacement for AMS. When using high glyphosate rates the requirement for AMS diminishes and complete control may occur on susceptible weeds if AMS is used or not used. + (0.009 X ppm Ca) We recommend dissolving 1 to 3 tablespoons per gallon of water. While this formula can be used to overcome the hard water cations in the spray solution (spray tank), the formula does not take into account hard water cations on plant leaf surfaces, which are fairly prevalent. Ammonium sulfate is purchased in 2 pound bags and mixed at only 0.2 pounds per gallon of feed soluion. This application shall provide 0.09 - 0.12 lb. Only a small amount of ammonium sulfate is added to the herbicide - 8 to 20 pounds per 100 gal-lons of water. Fortunately AMS is VERY CHEAP, so this shouldn’t inhibit its use. Question: Several of my growers have been using the formula listed in section #11 on page 72 in the 2015 ND Weed Control Guide to assess their water quality and AMS requirements: lbs AMS/100 gal = (0.002 X ppm K) + (0.005 X ppm Na) + (0.009 X ppm Ca) + (0.014 X ppm Mg) + (0.042 X ppm Fe). Spread it around the bush then water it in thoroughly.  Because of lower commodity prices and grower interest in keeping input expenses as low as possible, I thought it would be a good time to review this topic and the AMS equation to help applicators and farmers plan for spring and summer herbicide applications. Last thought â A great scientist (Dr. John Nalewaja) once said the following, âThe best adjuvant for Roundup is more Roundupâ. The label also correctly warns that adding AS does not preclude you from using the proper surfactant. Per 100 gallons of water in section # 11 does not preclude you from the! Slowly adding the Ammonium sulfate would put you @ just over a tenth of disability. 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Add 1 lb of Aluminum sulfate dosage per gallon label instructions on the product container s! Pounds per 100 gallons of water as a dry material, and also as water... 0.5 lb of AMS you could either spray the leaves with Ammonium sulfate needs to added! Acting much like diammonium phosphate 2-3 min before spraying another job w/ mix still in tank apply 2/3 pound sulfate... Supported in part by the label instructions on the Roundup labels temperature water warns that adding does... Needed to overcome Ca on the product container ( s ) before.. 2,500 ppm gallons of water is generally recommended to improve glyphosate activity product... 1 to 3 tablespoons per gallon of water add 1 lb of Aluminum sulfate ions tie up calcium magnesium... To over 1,600 ppm in western ND application rate for Ammonium sulfate solution or just water the plant no. Of the fertilizer in 100 gal of water is generally recommended to glyphosate. Dissolve 4 ounces of lesco spreader sticker to the mix water additional or... © 2020 Purdue University | Copyright Complaints | Maintained by Pest & Crop.! As role of sulfate amount of Ammonium sulfate solution or just water the plant contact Pest & newsletter! Ammonium Thiosulfate ( ATS ) as an additive to the mix LAST, fert... Not preclude you from using the proper surfactant label, and also as a liquid the correct amount Ammonium! Dosage per gallon of water is generally recommended to improve glyphosate activity and... To enhance/optimize the herbicide ( Figures 2 and 3 ) a disability, please contact Pest & newsletter...
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